Wildlife Conservation and Eco-tourism in Pakistan MCQs 2026

Indus river dolphin (bhulan) is notable as

1. Aa freshwater dolphin endemic to the Indus system✓
2. Ban alpine goat✓
3. Ca desert fox✓
4. Da chir pine pest✓

Wildlife conservation aims to

1. Aprotect wild species and their habitats for present and future generations✓
2. Bmaximize illegal hunting✓
3. Cconvert all parks to housing only✓
4. Deliminate all protected areas✓

The national animal of Pakistan is

1. Athe snow leopard only as national animal✓
2. Bthe Indus dolphin as national animal✓
3. Cthe Markhor (Capra falconeri)✓
4. Dthe houbara as national animal✓

Markhor is especially associated with

1. AIndus Delta mangroves only✓
2. Bmountainous regions of northern and western Pakistan✓
3. CCholistan sand dunes only✓
4. DKarachi beaches only✓

Himalayan ibex is a

1. Awild goat of high mountain habitats in northern Pakistan✓
2. Bmangrove crustacean✓
3. Cdesert lizard only✓
4. Driverain fish✓

Snow leopard is an important

1. Acoastal dolphin of Sindh only✓
2. Bplains antelope of Cholistan only✓
3. Cwetland crocodile of Punjab only✓
4. Dendangered big cat of high mountains of Pakistan✓

A national park is primarily managed for

1. Aprotection of ecosystems and wildlife with regulated public use✓
2. Bunrestricted commercial clear-felling✓
3. Cpermanent settlement agriculture inside core✓
4. Dopen mining without EIA✓

Khunjerab National Park is famous for

1. Ahigh-altitude wildlife including Marco Polo sheep and related fauna✓
2. Bmangrove fisheries only✓
3. Cirrigated shisham timber only✓
4. Durban sparrows only✓

Kirthar National Park is located mainly in

1. AGilgit-Baltistan only✓
2. BSindh✓
3. CMurree hills only✓
4. DZiarat juniper only✓

Hingol National Park is associated with

1. Aonly alpine Baltistan glaciers✓
2. BBalochistan's coastal and scenic landscapes✓
3. Conly Punjab canal plantations✓
4. Donly KP moist temperate fir✓

Ayubia National Park is known for

1. Atrue mangrove stands✓
2. BThar Desert dunes✓
3. CMakran mud volcanoes only✓
4. Dmoist temperate forest and wildlife near Murree-Galliyat✓

Chitral Gol National Park is important for

1. AIndus Delta crocodiles only✓
2. Bmarkhor and mountain wildlife conservation✓
3. Cdesert bustard only✓
4. Dmarine turtles only✓

Eco-tourism ideally

1. Amaximizes habitat destruction for hotels✓
2. Bignores local communities✓
3. Csupports conservation and local livelihoods with low environmental impact✓
4. Dpromotes illegal trophy hunting without rules✓

Trophy hunting programs for markhor in Pakistan have been used to

1. Aguarantee species extinction✓
2. Bgenerate community incentives for conservation when well regulated✓
3. Creplace all national parks✓
4. Dban all wildlife laws✓

A wildlife sanctuary typically

1. Aallows free commercial logging always✓
2. Bhas no legal status✓
3. Cis identical to a plywood mill✓
4. Dprotects wildlife with stricter limits on exploitation than ordinary forests✓

Habitat fragmentation threatens wildlife by

1. Aincreasing continuous corridors always✓
2. Bimproving gene flow automatically✓
3. Ccreating larger core habitats✓
4. Disolating populations and reducing viable habitat area✓

Poaching and illegal trade harm conservation because they

1. Aincrease breeding rates always✓
2. Bfund only habitat restoration✓
3. Cdirectly reduce populations of targeted species✓
4. Dhave no market effects✓

The houbara bustard is a conservation concern related to

1. Amangrove crab fisheries only✓
2. Bhunting pressure and habitat issues in arid zones✓
3. Calpine ibex disease only✓
4. Dnursery damping-off only✓

Wetlands are critical for wildlife because they

1. Acontain no bird life✓
2. Bare useless for eco-tourism✓
3. Csupport migratory birds and aquatic biodiversity✓
4. Dnever need protection✓

Migratory birds along the Indus flyway depend on

1. Aonly alpine scree without water✓
2. Ba network of wetlands and stopover habitats✓
3. Conly urban concrete roofs✓
4. Donly desert salt without marshes✓

Human-wildlife conflict in Pakistan often involves

1. Aonly pollination services✓
2. Bonly ecotourism fees✓
3. Ccrop raiding, livestock predation and retaliatory killing✓
4. Donly nursery sales✓

Corridors between protected areas help by

1. Ablocking all migration✓
2. Bincreasing isolation✓
3. Creplacing the need for any parks✓
4. Dallowing animal movement and gene flow✓

Community-based conservation succeeds when

1. Acommunities are fully excluded forever✓
2. Ball grazing is banned without alternatives always✓
3. Clocals share benefits and responsibilities for wildlife✓
4. Dtourism revenue never reaches villages✓

Eco-tourism infrastructure should avoid

1. Aall visitor education✓
2. Ball local employment✓
3. Call trail signage for safety✓
4. Ddamaging core habitats and disturbing sensitive species✓

The snow leopard's prey base includes

1. Aonly mangrove fish✓
2. Bonly house sparrows✓
3. Cwild ungulates such as ibex and related mountain herbivores✓
4. Donly termites✓

CITES is relevant to wildlife trade because it

1. Apromotes free trade in all ivory unchecked✓
2. Bbans all domestic tourism✓
3. Creplaces national forest policy✓
4. Dregulates international trade in endangered species✓

A biosphere reserve concept emphasizes

1. Aonly mining in the core✓
2. Bno research allowed✓
3. Cidentical rules to a city park only✓
4. Dcore conservation with buffer and transition zones for sustainable use✓

Marine turtles nesting on Pakistan's coast need

1. Aprotection of nesting beaches from disturbance and lights✓
2. Bclear-felling of alpine fir✓
3. Cchir pine needle raking only✓
4. Dmarkhor trophy quotas✓

The Indus dolphin is threatened by

1. Aexcess alpine snowfall only✓
2. Btoo many national parks✓
3. Coverabundance of fish forever✓
4. Dhabitat fragmentation by barrages, pollution and reduced flows✓

Wildlife inventories and camera trapping help to

1. Areplace all habitat protection✓
2. Bestimate presence and relative abundance of species✓
3. Cguarantee zero poaching alone✓
4. Dmeasure only timber volume✓

Feeding wild animals for tourist photos is generally

1. Adiscouraged because it alters behavior and can cause conflict✓
2. Bthe best scientific management always✓
3. Crequired by all park laws✓
4. Dharmless in every case✓

Protected area categories differ mainly in

1. Ahaving identical rules worldwide always✓
2. Bexcluding all legal definitions✓
3. Cbeing only private farms✓
4. Dobjectives and degree of allowed human use✓

Vultures are ecologically important because they

1. Apollinate deodar exclusively✓
2. Bfix nitrogen in forest soil only✓
3. Cscavenge carcasses and help sanitation of landscapes✓
4. Dbuild check dams✓

Illegal wildlife trade networks are fought through

1. Aenforcement, intelligence and demand reduction✓
2. Bopen markets without checks✓
3. Cremoving all penalties✓
4. Dpromoting rare pet fads✓

Eco-tourism guides from local communities can

1. Areplace the need for any park rules✓
2. Bimprove visitor experience and create conservation jobs✓
3. Cincrease poaching automatically✓
4. Dban all education✓

Carrying capacity in eco-tourism refers to

1. Amaximum clear-fell volume✓
2. Bnumber of forest fires per year✓
3. Conly hotel star ratings✓
4. Dlimits of visitors that avoid unacceptable ecological/social impact✓

Reintroduction of species requires

1. Asecure habitat, threat control and careful planning✓
2. Brelease into degraded habitat with poaching✓
3. Cno monitoring after release✓
4. Dmixing unrelated invasive pests✓

Pakistan's mountain ungulates are valued for

1. Aonly plywood manufacture✓
2. Bonly resin tapping✓
3. Conly railway sleepers✓
4. Dbiodiversity, eco-tourism and community conservation programs✓

Wetland drainage for agriculture can

1. Aalways create national parks✓
2. Bincrease migratory stopovers✓
3. Cdestroy bird habitat and reduce biodiversity✓
4. Dimprove dolphin habitat always✓

A flagship species is used in conservation to

1. Areplace all habitat work✓
2. Battract support that also protects wider ecosystems✓
3. Cfocus only on insects never vertebrates✓
4. Dignore public interest✓

Noise and litter from poorly managed tourism

1. Adegrade visitor sites and harm wildlife✓
2. Bimprove nesting success always✓
3. Cincrease soil fertility usefully✓
4. Dhave no park management relevance✓

Transboundary conservation matters for Pakistan because

1. Amany species and habitats span borders with neighbors✓
2. Bwildlife never crosses borders✓
3. Cparks exist only in one valley forever✓
4. Drivers never leave the country✓

The concept of endangered species means

1. Athe species is overabundant everywhere✓
2. Blegal hunting is unlimited✓
3. Cthe species faces a very high risk of extinction in the wild✓
4. Dhabitat is universally secure✓

Buffer zones around parks are intended to

1. Amaximize illegal settlement in the core✓
2. Breduce edge pressure and support compatible land uses✓
3. Cremove all community rights always✓
4. Dreplace core protection entirely✓

Wildlife laws in Pakistan provide for

1. Aprotection of species and regulation of hunting/trade✓
2. Bunrestricted export of all live animals✓
3. Cabolition of all parks✓
4. Dmandatory poisoning of predators✓

Nature photography tourism can be sustainable when

1. Adrones harass nesting birds freely✓
2. Bbaiting predators is required✓
3. Cit follows codes that minimize disturbance✓
4. Doff-trail trampling is encouraged✓

Ex-situ conservation includes

1. Azoos, breeding centers and seed/gene banks✓
2. Bonly in-situ national parks✓
3. Conly uncontrolled hunting✓
4. Donly habitat destruction✓

In-situ conservation means

1. Akeeping only museum skins✓
2. Bstoring DNA without habitats✓
3. Cprotecting species in their natural habitats✓
4. Draising only captive pets✓

Eco-tourism revenue sharing with communities helps to

1. Aencourage poaching for higher income✓
2. Balign local incentives with wildlife protection✓
3. Cprivatize all park cores for mining✓
4. Deliminate guide employment✓

A major challenge for Pakistan's protected areas is

1. Aexcess unbroken wilderness with zero threats✓
2. Bfunding, staffing, encroachment and illegal use pressures✓
3. Ctoo many rangers per hectare always✓
4. Dcomplete absence of human pressure✓