Reproduction in Plants and Animals MCQs 2026

The female gametophyte in angiosperms, containing the egg cell, is called the

1. APollen tube✓
2. BAnther✓
3. CStyle✓
4. DEmbryo sac✓

Bryophytes such as mosses reproduce sexually and their dominant, photosynthetic generation is the

1. ASporophyte✓
2. BGametophyte✓
3. CSeed✓
4. DFruit✓

Yeast commonly reproduces asexually through

1. ABinary fission✓
2. BFragmentation✓
3. CSpore formation only✓
4. DBudding✓

Conjugation, a temporary union for exchange of genetic material, is characteristic of organisms such as

1. AHydra✓
2. BAmoeba✓
3. CParamecium✓
4. DYeast✓

The reproductive process in which an egg develops into a new individual without fertilization is called

1. ABudding✓
2. BFragmentation✓
3. CParthenogenesis✓
4. DConjugation✓

Insects like grasshoppers, which lack a pupal stage and whose young resemble small adults, undergo

1. AComplete metamorphosis✓
2. BNo metamorphosis✓
3. CAlternation of generations✓
4. DIncomplete (gradual) metamorphosis✓

In insects such as butterflies, complete metamorphosis includes the stages egg, larva, pupa and

1. ANymph✓
2. BTadpole✓
3. CAdult✓
4. DZygote✓

In frogs, the aquatic larval stage that breathes through gills is called the

1. APupa✓
2. BNymph✓
3. CTadpole✓
4. DZygote✓

The complete transformation of an organism's body form during development, as seen in frogs and insects, is called

1. ARegeneration✓
2. BFragmentation✓
3. CBudding✓
4. DMetamorphosis✓

Internal fertilization, where sperm fertilizes the egg inside the female body, is typical of

1. AFish✓
2. BAmphibians✓
3. CReptiles, birds and mammals✓
4. DSponges only✓

Fertilization that occurs outside the body of the female, as in many fish and amphibians, is called

1. AExternal fertilization✓
2. BInternal fertilization✓
3. CParthenogenesis✓
4. DSelf-fertilization✓

Certain sharks and some reptiles retain eggs inside the body until hatching, a mode of reproduction called

1. AViviparous✓
2. BOvoviviparous✓
3. COviparous✓
4. DAsexual✓

Animals such as most mammals that give birth to live young nourished via a placenta are called

1. AOviparous✓
2. BViviparous✓
3. COvoviviparous✓
4. DParthenogenetic✓

Animals that lay eggs which hatch outside the mother's body are called

1. AViviparous✓
2. BOviparous✓
3. COvoviviparous✓
4. DHermaphroditic✓

The fluid-filled sac that cushions and protects the developing fetus is the

1. APlacenta✓
2. BChorion✓
3. CYolk sac✓
4. DAmniotic sac✓

The normal duration of human pregnancy (gestation period) is approximately

1. A6 months✓
2. B7 months✓
3. C8 months✓
4. D9 months (about 40 weeks)✓

The fertilized egg implants itself in the

1. AFallopian tube✓
2. BEndometrium (uterine lining)✓
3. COvary✓
4. DCervix✓

The average human menstrual cycle length is approximately

1. A14 days✓
2. B21 days✓
3. C28 days✓
4. D35 days✓

The corpus luteum in the ovary primarily secretes

1. AEstrogen only✓
2. BProgesterone to maintain the uterine lining✓
3. CTestosterone✓
4. DOxytocin✓

The hormone responsible for triggering ovulation is the

1. AEstrogen surge✓
2. BLuteinizing hormone (LH) surge✓
3. CProgesterone surge✓
4. DFSH released throughout the cycle✓

Fertilization in humans normally occurs in the

1. AFallopian tube (oviduct)✓
2. BUterus✓
3. COvary✓
4. DVagina✓

Sperm cells are produced in the

1. AProstate gland✓
2. BEpididymis✓
3. CVas deferens✓
4. DSeminiferous tubules of testes✓

The process of formation of egg cells (ova) in females is called

1. ASpermatogenesis✓
2. BMeiosis only✓
3. COogenesis✓
4. DOvulation only✓

In humans, the process of formation of sperm cells is called

1. ASpermatogenesis✓
2. BOogenesis✓
3. CFertilization✓
4. DOvulation✓

Plants such as ferns exhibit a life cycle characterized by

1. AOnly asexual reproduction✓
2. BOnly vegetative propagation✓
3. CContinuous vegetative growth✓
4. DAlternation of generations (sporophyte and gametophyte)✓

A fruit that develops without fertilization is termed

1. AParthenocarpic fruit✓
2. BAggregate fruit✓
3. CMultiple fruit✓
4. DTrue fruit✓

After fertilization, the ovule develops into the

1. AFruit✓
2. BPericarp✓
3. CSeed✓
4. DPetal✓

After fertilization, the ovary of a flower typically develops into the

1. ASeed✓
2. BEndosperm✓
3. CEmbryo✓
4. DFruit✓

In angiosperms, double fertilization results in the formation of

1. AOnly the zygote✓
2. BZygote and primary endosperm nucleus (triploid)✓
3. COnly endosperm✓
4. DOnly the seed coat✓

Pollination carried out by insects such as bees is called

1. AAnemophily✓
2. BEntomophily✓
3. CHydrophily✓
4. DChiropterophily✓

Pollination by wind is termed

1. AAnemophily✓
2. BEntomophily✓
3. CHydrophily✓
4. DOrnithophily✓

The transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of the same flower is termed

1. AXenogamy✓
2. BAllogamy✓
3. CAutogamy (self-pollination)✓
4. DGeitonogamy✓

The female reproductive part of a flower, consisting of stigma, style and ovary, is called

1. APistil (carpel)✓
2. BStamen✓
3. CCorolla✓
4. DCalyx✓

The male reproductive part of a flower is the

1. ACarpel✓
2. BPistil✓
3. CSepal✓
4. DStamen✓

Asexual reproduction in Amoeba occurs mainly through

1. ABudding✓
2. BBinary fission✓
3. CFragmentation✓
4. DSpore formation✓

Vegetative propagation using stem cuttings is an example of

1. AAsexual reproduction✓
2. BSexual reproduction✓
3. CParthenogenesis✓
4. DGametogenesis✓

The structure that provides nutrient and gas exchange between mother and fetus is the

1. APlacenta✓
2. BAmnion✓
3. CYolk sac✓
4. DUmbilical vein only✓

Reproduction in Hydra commonly occurs through

1. ABinary fission✓
2. BFragmentation✓
3. CSpore formation✓
4. DBudding✓

Hermaphrodite animals possessing both male and female reproductive organs include

1. AHumans✓
2. BFrogs✓
3. CEarthworms✓
4. DBirds✓

Regeneration, whereby a lost body part regrows into a complete organism, is well demonstrated in

1. APlanaria (flatworms)✓
2. BHumans✓
3. CBirds✓
4. DInsects generally✓

The embryonic shoot in a seed that develops into the stem and leaves is the

1. ARadicle✓
2. BPlumule✓
3. CHilum✓
4. DTesta✓

In a mature seed, the embryonic root that develops into the primary root is the

1. APlumule✓
2. BRadicle✓
3. CColeoptile✓
4. DColeorhiza✓

The minute pore in a seed coat through which water enters during germination is the

1. AMicropyle✓
2. BHilum✓
3. CPlumule✓
4. DCotyledon✓

The scar left on a seed where it was attached to the fruit wall is called the

1. AMicropyle✓
2. BTesta✓
3. CRadicle✓
4. DHilum✓

Monoecious plants, such as maize, bear

1. ASeparate male and female flowers on the same plant✓
2. BFlowers only on male plants✓
3. COnly bisexual flowers✓
4. DNo true flowers✓

Dioecious plants, such as papaya, bear

1. ABoth male and female flowers on the same plant✓
2. BOnly hermaphrodite flowers✓
3. CMale and female flowers on separate individual plants✓
4. DNo flowers at all✓

Self-pollination in a flower's structure is favored by adaptations such as

1. ASeparate male and female flowers on different plants (dioecy)✓
2. BCleistogamy (flowers that never open)✓
3. CProtandry✓
4. DHerkogamy✓

Cross-pollination between flowers of genetically different plants of the same species mainly promotes

1. AGenetic variation in offspring✓
2. BIdentical clones✓
3. CFaster germination only✓
4. DLoss of seeds✓

The tube that grows from a germinating pollen grain to deliver male gametes to the ovule is the

1. AStyle✓
2. BFilament✓
3. CPollen tube✓
4. DStigma canal✓

In flowering plants, the male gametophyte is represented by the

1. APollen grain✓
2. BOvule✓
3. CEmbryo sac✓
4. DAnther wall✓