Educational Psychology MCQs 2026

According to Kohlberg, moral reasoning based on obedience and avoiding punishment belongs to the

1. APostconventional level✓
2. BConventional level✓
3. CPreconventional level✓
4. DUniversal level✓

Personality, in psychological terms, refers to

1. AOnly a person's physical appearance✓
2. BThe relatively stable and unique pattern of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of an individual✓
3. CA person's IQ score✓
4. DA person's academic grades✓

Which of the following is one of the Big Five personality traits

1. AExtraversion✓
2. BAssimilation✓
3. CReinforcement✓
4. DHabituation✓

Trait theories of personality, such as the Big Five model, describe personality in terms of

1. AUnconscious childhood conflicts only✓
2. BStages of moral development✓
3. CStimulus-response bonds✓
4. DStable, measurable dimensions such as openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism✓

Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of Moral Development proposes that moral reasoning develops through

1. AA single fixed stage✓
2. BRandom, unpredictable changes✓
3. CPhysical maturation alone✓
4. DThree levels, each containing two stages, six stages total✓

In Freud's theory, the part of personality that mediates between instinctual desires and moral or social constraints, operating on the reality principle, is the

1. AId✓
2. BEgo✓
3. CSuperego✓
4. DLibido✓

Sigmund Freud's Psychosexual Theory of Development includes stages such as oral, anal, phallic, latency, and

1. ATrust✓
2. BGenital✓
3. CConcrete✓
4. DSensorimotor✓

Inclusive education, as promoted in modern educational psychology, refers to

1. ASeparating children with disabilities into isolated schools✓
2. BIgnoring the needs of exceptional children✓
3. CEducating children with diverse abilities and needs together in the same mainstream classroom✓
4. DOnly educating academically gifted children✓

Children with learning disabilities, such as dyslexia, typically show difficulty primarily in

1. APhysical growth only✓
2. BSocial skills exclusively✓
3. CEmotional regulation only✓
4. DSpecific academic skills like reading, writing, or math despite normal intelligence✓

A gifted child, in educational psychology, is typically defined as one who

1. AStruggles significantly with all subjects✓
2. BShows exceptionally high ability or potential compared to peers✓
3. CHas an average IQ score✓
4. DRequires no special educational attention✓

Individual differences among learners in a classroom may occur in terms of intelligence, personality, learning style, and

1. AOnly their handwriting✓
2. BOnly their attendance record✓
3. CSocio-economic and cultural background✓
4. DOnly their seating position✓

In Erikson's final stage of psychosocial development, in old age, the central crisis is

1. AIntegrity vs. Despair✓
2. BIndustry vs. Inferiority✓
3. CAutonomy vs. Shame and Doubt✓
4. DIdentity vs. Role Confusion✓

According to Kohlberg, moral reasoning guided by self-chosen ethical principles, even if they conflict with law, belongs to the

1. APreconventional level✓
2. BConventional level✓
3. CSensorimotor level✓
4. DPostconventional level✓

According to Erikson, the psychosocial stage of early childhood, roughly ages one to three, centers on

1. AAutonomy vs. Shame and Doubt✓
2. BIdentity vs. Role Confusion✓
3. CIntegrity vs. Despair✓
4. DIntimacy vs. Isolation✓

In Freud's theory, the part of personality that operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification, is the

1. ASuperego✓
2. BEgo✓
3. CId✓
4. DConscience✓

Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory of personality divides the mind into the id, ego, and

1. ASuperego✓
2. BSubconscious drive✓
3. CPersona✓
4. DArchetype✓

Emotional Intelligence, popularized by Daniel Goleman, primarily refers to the ability to

1. ASolve mathematical problems quickly✓
2. BMemorize large amounts of information✓
3. CRecognize, understand, and manage one's own and others' emotions✓
4. DPerform physical tasks skillfully✓

The Wechsler Intelligence Scales are widely used because they measure intelligence through

1. AA single verbal question✓
2. BPhysical coordination only✓
3. CHandwriting analysis✓
4. DBoth verbal and performance, or non-verbal, subtests✓

An IQ score of around 100 is generally considered to represent

1. AGenius level intelligence✓
2. BAverage intelligence✓
3. CIntellectual disability✓
4. DBelow-average intelligence only✓

Charles Spearman's theory of intelligence proposed a general factor called

1. AThe g factor, or general intelligence✓
2. BMultiple intelligences✓
3. CEmotional quotient✓
4. DTriarchic ability✓

Robert Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of Intelligence proposes three types of intelligence: analytical, creative, and

1. AEmotional✓
2. BSpatial✓
3. CPractical✓
4. DMusical✓

The traditional ratio IQ formula is calculated as

1. AChronological Age divided by Mental Age✓
2. BMental Age plus Chronological Age✓
3. CMental Age minus Chronological Age✓
4. DMental Age divided by Chronological Age, multiplied by 100✓

Alfred Binet, along with Theodore Simon, developed the first practical

1. APersonality test✓
2. BIntelligence test✓
3. CAptitude test for pilots✓
4. DVocational interest inventory✓

The concept of Intelligence Quotient, or IQ, was developed to express

1. AA person's height relative to age✓
2. BPhysical strength✓
3. CMental age in relation to chronological age✓
4. DAcademic grades only✓

The case study method in Educational Psychology involves

1. AIn-depth study of a single individual or small group over time✓
2. BTesting thousands of students briefly✓
3. COnly statistical surveys✓
4. DObserving animals in a laboratory✓

Educational Psychology is considered an applied branch of

1. APhysics✓
2. BSociology only✓
3. CEconomics✓
4. DGeneral Psychology✓

Which of the following is considered a major method of studying behavior in Educational Psychology

1. AGuesswork✓
2. BObservation and experimental method✓
3. CAstrology✓
4. DRandom assumption✓

Educational Psychology helps a teacher primarily by

1. AProviding scientific understanding of how students learn and develop✓
2. BReplacing the need for subject knowledge✓
3. CEliminating the need for lesson planning✓
4. DGuaranteeing all students the same grades✓

The scope of Educational Psychology includes the study of

1. AOnly classroom furniture arrangement✓
2. BSchool building architecture✓
3. CGrowth, development, learning, motivation, and individual differences of learners✓
4. DNational education budgets only✓

Educational Psychology is best defined as the branch of psychology concerned with

1. ATreating mental illness only✓
2. BIndustrial productivity✓
3. CAnimal behavior exclusively✓
4. DThe scientific study of human learning and behavior in educational settings✓

In Erikson's theory, the psychosocial crisis of adolescence is best described as

1. AIdentity vs. Role Confusion✓
2. BTrust vs. Mistrust✓
3. CGenerativity vs. Stagnation✓
4. DIndustry vs. Inferiority✓

Self-efficacy, as defined in motivational psychology, refers to

1. AA fixed personality trait present at birth✓
2. BThe score obtained on an IQ test✓
3. CA stage of moral development✓
4. DOne's belief in their own capability to accomplish a specific task✓

Which of the following is an example of extrinsic motivation in a classroom

1. AA student studying hard to win a prize or certificate✓
2. BA student reading a novel purely for enjoyment✓
3. CA student solving puzzles because they find it fun✓
4. DA student exploring a topic out of pure curiosity✓

Goal-setting theory suggests that learners perform best when goals are

1. AVague and undefined✓
2. BImpossible to achieve✓
3. CSpecific, challenging, and clear✓
4. DSet entirely by someone else without the learner's input✓

Anxiety that facilitates better performance up to a certain optimal level, beyond which performance declines, is explained by

1. AAttribution Theory✓
2. BTrait theory✓
3. CPsychoanalytic theory✓
4. DThe Yerkes-Dodson Law✓

Short-Term Memory, also called working memory, has a limited capacity typically estimated at about

1. AUnlimited items✓
2. BSeven plus or minus two items✓
3. C100 items✓
4. DJust one item✓

Long-Term Memory is distinguished from Short-Term Memory mainly by its

1. ARelatively large or unlimited capacity and long duration✓
2. BExtremely short duration of a few seconds✓
3. CInability to store any information✓
4. DComplete dependence on rehearsal alone✓

The process of transferring information from short-term to long-term memory through repetition is called

1. ARetrieval✓
2. BEncoding failure✓
3. CRehearsal✓
4. DDecay✓

Forgetting that occurs because new information interferes with the recall of previously learned information is called

1. ARepression✓
2. BEncoding failure✓
3. CDecay✓
4. DInterference✓

According to the Theory of Decay, forgetting occurs because

1. ANew memories replace old ones✓
2. BMemory traces fade naturally over time if not used✓
3. CEmotional trauma blocks recall✓
4. DInformation was never encoded✓

The three main stages of memory processing, in order, are

1. AStorage, rehearsal, decay✓
2. BRetrieval, encoding, interference✓
3. CForgetting, storage, retrieval✓
4. DEncoding, storage, and retrieval✓

Mnemonic devices are strategies used in teaching to

1. AAid memory and recall through associations✓
2. BPunish students for forgetting✓
3. CTest intelligence✓
4. DMeasure personality traits✓

Repressing painful or threatening memories into the unconscious mind, according to Freud, is an example of

1. ADecay✓
2. BInterference✓
3. CMotivated forgetting, or repression✓
4. DEncoding failure✓

Erik Erikson's theory of Psychosocial Development consists of

1. AFour stages spanning only childhood✓
2. BEight stages spanning the entire lifespan✓
3. CTwo stages✓
4. DStages based purely on physical growth✓

Motivation that arises from internal satisfaction or interest in an activity itself is called

1. AExtrinsic motivation✓
2. BNegative reinforcement✓
3. CIntrinsic motivation✓
4. DPunishment-driven motivation✓

Motivation that arises from external rewards such as grades, money, or praise is called

1. AIntrinsic motivation✓
2. BSelf-actualization✓
3. CInsight learning✓
4. DExtrinsic motivation✓

Attribution Theory in Educational Psychology examines how learners

1. AExplain the causes of their successes and failures✓
2. BMemorize lists of facts✓
3. CDevelop physical coordination✓
4. DForm friendships in school✓

A student who attributes failure in an exam to lack of effort, a controllable internal factor, is more likely, according to Attribution Theory, to

1. AGive up entirely and never try again✓
2. BTry harder next time since effort can be changed✓
3. CBlame the teacher permanently✓
4. DFeel no emotional response at all✓

According to Achievement Motivation Theory, students with high need for achievement tend to prefer

1. AExtremely easy tasks with guaranteed success✓
2. BImpossible tasks with no chance of success✓
3. CModerately challenging tasks with a realistic chance of success✓
4. DNo tasks involving evaluation at all✓

Locus of control refers to the degree to which individuals believe

1. AThey can memorize information faster than others✓
2. BThey, internal, versus external forces control the outcomes of their lives✓
3. CThey are intelligent✓
4. DThey can learn a second language✓